Keynesian economics is a body of economic theory and related policy associated with J. M. Keynes. It was the outcome of the Great Depression of the Thirties. Classical economic theory is of the view that the economy is self-regulating. Ever since the birth of Keynesian economics in the 1930s, controversy has simmered over the extent to which government should play an active role in managing the economy. Aggregate Demand in Keynesian Analysis. Keynes was one of the greatest intellectual innovators of the first half of the 20th century. In the aftermath of the human devastation and misery of the Great Depression, many people—including many economists—became more aware of vulnerabilities within the market-oriented economic system. For example, suppose that the economy is going through a downturn so the demand in the market has fallen. Two controversial economic policies are Keynesian economics and Supply Side economics. Keynes wrote many books, but the phrase “Keynesian economics” refers especially to The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. It means that the cyclical upward and downward movement of employment and output adjust by itself. The 2009 bailouts by the US government. Keynesian economics is, by and large, characterized as depression economics. It suggested policy measures like deficit financing to solve the problem of unemployment in a depression phase of the capitalist economy. The idea is simple: firms produce output only if they expect it to sell. They represent opposite sides of the economic policy spectrum and were introduced at opposite ends of the 20th century, yet still are the most famous for their effects on … The Keynesian perspective focuses on aggregate demand. They were insufficient by the Keynes formula in that the government was pumping only about half what Keynes would have called for. 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